Narrated Anas: Allah's Apostle said, "Help your brother, whether he is an oppressor or he is an oppressed one. If we fail to fulfill their rights, then we have surrendered our fate to their supplication. And what was the situation of the young boy who was a believer when he was taken to be thrown off the top of a mountain? Brotherhood in Islam is a comprehensive concept that is based upon good character with others, treating others the way we want to be treated, and uniting together upon common values. Islam is against all forms of racism, bigotry, and injustice. 89 Lit., “what is amiss with you that you do not fight” – implying that they have no moral excuse for such a refusal. Did I go beyond my limit?". And he who fights in the cause of Allah and is killed or achieves victory – We will bestow upon him a great reward. In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful. By Allah, I will take revenge for the oppressed from the oppressor and will put a string in the nose of the oppressor and drag him to the spring of … O Allah, the new year has begun. And what (is wrong) with you that you don’t fight in the Way of Allah (to help) the weak (and oppressed) among men, women, and children, who say: “Our Lord! Click to access The_Message_of_The_Quran__by_Muhammad_Asad.pdf : 4.74 - 4:75 Islam allows war in self-defense (Quran 22:39), to defend Islam (rather than to spread it), to protect those who have been removed from their homes by force because they are Muslims (Quran 22:40), and to protect the innocent who are being oppressed (Quran 4:75). Second: Forgiveness on the part of the oppressed. Age of Consent in European & American History. A child could take some measures against the parent’s abuse without insulting or acting hostile to them. The camp of Satan is to spread evil, corruption, and misery on earth. ( Log Out /  I bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone who has no partner and that Muhammad is His Servant and Messenger. Abu Hurayrah narrated that a man once badmouthed Abu Bakr while the Prophet was sitting with them, and the Prophet expressed wonder and smiled. 4:74 So let those fight in the cause of Allah who sell the life of this world for the Hereafter. 90 Thus the Qur’an implies that “evil” is not an independent, esoteric factor of life, but rather a result of man’s succumbing to the temptations arising from his own moral weakness and thereby “denying the truth”. In public discourse, there are two images of Maulana Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani: "Green Maulana" and "Red Maulana". It was the responsibility of the community to fight and help the oppressed. They said, “Our Lord, why have You decreed upon us fighting? (Al-An’am 6: 18) and also says: {The Day when they will (all) come out, nothing of them will be hidden from Allah. It is all right to help him if he is oppressed, but how should we help him if he is an oppressor?" Learn how your comment data is processed. “Those who believe fight in the cause of Allah…” – Quran 4:76. 632A. This is why Allah said, (whose cry is: “Our Lord! The Prophet said, "By preventing him from oppressing others." 89 Lit., “what is amiss with you that you do not fight” – implying that they have no moral excuse for such a refusal. Deceptive critics of Islam quote first part of Q 4:74 and beginning of Q 4:76-77, and show people who have no knowledge about Islam, that Muslims are encouraged in the Quran to wage violence against unbelievers. The verse refers to hypocrites or the internal enemies of Islam and mentions their two prominent traits. If he says, `I cannot bring myself to forgive him and would rather utilise the right granted to me by my Lord to avenge` then say to him: `If you can limit yourself to avenging in a fair manner, without transgressing the limits to which you were wronged, then proceed; but if you cannot control yourself, then it is safer to return to the option of forgiving him as the reward for the one who forgives is great with Allah.”, The one who forgives can sleep at night in a relaxed manner with no fear that he may have exceeded the extent to which he was wronged, because he did not avenge at all. Islam emphasizes on: distancing from any type of oppression, a complete lack of cooperation with the oppressor, and assisting the oppressed. You are the eternal master. The supplication of the oppressed against the oppressor: It is permissible for the oppressed to supplicate against the one who transgressed his rights, and this is a form of revenge. ( Log Out /  In Quran 4:75 we have explicit statement that the fighting in God’s cause was in defence of the persecuted, men, women and children who have been oppressed by tyrants just for their beliefs. support me despite your heart's desires. In other words, the “power” of the negative principle symbolized by Satan has no intrinsic reality (“Satan’s guile is weak indeed”): it becomes real only through man’s wilfully choosing a wrong course of action. – Baseera Project, Benjamin Tudela’s Description Of Jews In 12th Century Baghdad, The Shocking Truth About Bathsheba’s Marriage to David in the Bible, Our Christian Brothers Must Root Out The Extremists In Their Midst, Analysing The Incident Of Sa’d b. Abi Waqqas Shedding The First Blood, The Persecution, Torture And Murder Of Muslims In The Makkan Period, Ammar Ibn Yasir Persecution And Torture By The Quraysh Polytheists, On Tommy Robinson For Gavin Ashenden’s Edification, The First Martyrs Of Islam: Sumayya Bint Khubat And Yasir, Gavin Ashenden’s Anti-Islam Rhetoric Considered, Thoughts on Gavin Ashenden’s Critique Over Michael Curry Royal Wedding Invitation To Preach, The Age Of Rebecca When She Married Isaac - Biblical Perspective. “God commands justice and fair dealing…” [Quran, 16:90] In this verse, Allah directly commands Muslims to be just and deal fairly – as believers, we must consistently be aware that these values are an integral part of our faith. Here we are told, questions those why shouldn’t they fight when they have been oppressed and continually persecuted? Al-Fudhayl Ibn ‘Iyadh said: “If a man comes to you complaining about another man who wronged him, then advise him to forgive him. Those will have a painful punishment. God says in the Quran:{And He (Allah) is Al-Qahir (the Irresistible Subduer) over His slaves, and He is The All-Wise, the All-Aware.} Change ). Allah praises the believers in the abovementioned verses for having the strength and power to avenge in a just manner, for restoring their rights, and for not allowing aggressors to take advantage of them. 88 Lit., “he”. Here we are told, questions those why shouldn’t they fight when they have been oppressed and continually persecuted? When Hajjaj became dominant, he oppressed the good and the bad. They are by no means incapable, weak or humiliated, and they are quite capable of exacting revenge, yet they forgive and forget. It has three levels of degree: religion, family, and humanity. People have the right to be protected in their lives, wealth, and freedom. Uthman Ibn Affan He is Abu Abdillah, Uthman Ibn Affan Ibn al-Ash bin Umayyah Ibn Abdi Syams Ibn Abdi Manaf.His pedigree meets the pedigree of the Prophet -peace and prayer of Allah be upon him- on his fourth grandfather, Abdu Manaf. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. [1] The Holy Qur’an – Arabic Text With English Translation & Short Commentary By Malik Ghulam Farid, Page 204 – 205 The last two verses [42-43] of Chapter Ash-Shooraa' which were mentioned above and which mean: “The cause is only against the ones who wrong the people and tyrannies upon the earth without right. Since the Muslims are expected to organize their communal life within the framework of a state based on the ideological premises laid down in the Qur’an, they must be prepared for hostility on the part of groups or nations opposed to the world-view and the social system of Islam and, conceivably, bent on its destruction: consequently, the concept of a defensive war in God’s cause jihad) plays a very prominent role in the socio-political scheme of Islam and is frequently alluded to throughout the Qur’an. Similarly, they could not give an oppressor a free hand. 4:76 Those who believe fight in the cause of God, and those who disbelieve fight in the cause of Taghut. 632A. Quran 3:28 Not To Take Non-Believers As Friends? Islam is an Abrahamic religion, which believes in a single eternal diety, Allah and the finality of the prophethood of Muhammad (PBUH). The verse refers to hypocrites or the internal enemies of Islam and mentions their two prominent traits. 631. In other words, the “power” of the negative principle symbolized by Satan has no intrinsic reality (“Satan’s guile is weak indeed”): it becomes real only through man’s wilfully choosing a wrong course of action. The verse refers to a class of men who show eagerness to fight when they are told not to fight, but when the actual time for fighting arrives, they refuse to fight or try to avoid it by various pretexts, thus showing that their former eagerness for fighting was either insincere or was due to temporary excitement. The position of the oppressed in relation to the oppressor: Allah Says (what means): “And those who, when tyranny strikes them, they defend themselves. The word extends to all kinds of precautions and preparations necessary for defence, and has been understood to include the putting on of weapons of defence. All rights reserved. The Messenger of Allah (S) remarks, “One who prays for the long life of an oppressor is as if he likes the opposition of Allah on the Earth.” 3 There is an interesting incident in the book Rawzātul Jannat concerning the author of Maqasikul Ahkam, Sayyid Muhammad. Shadaab Rahemtullah's book Qur'an of the Oppressed: Liberation Theology and Gender Justice in Islam (Oxford University Press, 2017) offers a compelling comparative analysis of the works of four Muslim scholars of Islam – Asghar Ali Engineer, Farid Esack, Amina Wadud, and Asma Barlas. The impure is turned aside by Allah and the pure is selected so that Allah may honour them with His favours which the sincere believers only deserve. Forgiving is a high rank which the callers to Islam should possess as it is a rank that only those with a high status attain, and they are the ones whom people take as examples to follow. The verses you mention are the following: > Indeed, those whom the angels take [in death] while wronging themselves - [the angels] will say, "In what [condition] were you?" Al-Thubah means, a company or body of men; a distinct body or company of men; a troop of horsemen (Lane). Indeed, the plot of Satan has ever been weak. Our Non-Muslim Relatives: Their Rights Upon us, Graciously Overlooking People’s Faults and the Morals of the Noble. Allah then encourages the believers to fight His enemies". And whoever is patient and forgives - indeed, that is of the matters [requiring] determination [i.e. ( Log Out /  Here are three matters, all of which are true: Whenever a man is oppressed but forgives for the sake of Allah the Most High and the Almighty, then Allah will honour him with victory…” [Ahmad], By Dr. ‘Abdul Kareem Bakkaar The greatness of a person, my sons and daughters, lies in the greatness of what he believes in, what he is willing to sacrifice for, and what he defends. And the retribution for an evil act is an evil one like it, but whoever pardons and makes reconciliation - his reward is [due] from Allah. In Quran 4:75 we have explicit statement that the fighting in God’s cause was in defence of the persecuted, men, women and children who have been oppressed by tyrants just for their beliefs. Don’t forget to follow Discover The Truth on Facebook and Twitter. Therefore, the believers fight in obedience to Allah and to gain His pleasure, while the disbelievers fight in obedience to Shaytan. If only You had postponed [it for] us for a short time.” Say, The enjoyment of this world is little, and the Hereafter is better for he who fears God. 4:71 The verse says to Muslims 1400 years ago to take precaution to either go in small groups or go all together. The problem of war as such arises from the principles of ideological statehood postulated in verse 59 of this surah. First: Taking revenging from the oppressor. Muslims must live in accordance with Islam in the Constitution of Medina. exceed the extent to which he was wronged).” This means that whatever they say to one another will all go into the record of the one who initiated, as he was the cause of all of it, but if the wronged person retaliates with more than what he was wronged with, then this is a sin on his part which the other person will not bear. I ask You to make available to me its good and the benefits which are in it. By Allah, a lad from the Banu Thaqeef, who is haughty and proud, shall be empowered over you. This is how Prophet Yoosuf acted with his brothers despite his ability to take revenge from them. Justice is a tool to maintain balance 634. [3] Tafsir Ibn Kathir http://www.alim.org/library/quran/AlQuran-tafsir/TIK/4/75, Click to access The_Message_of_The_Quran__by_Muhammad_Asad.pdf, Tagged as: Islam, KILL, Koran, Persecution, Quran, war. But the Quran in no way condones abusive behavior from any person, especially not to a vulnerable person such as a child. 91 I.e., from unrighteous violence, to which man so often inclines. The wronged person has the choice to avenge, to supplicate against the one who wronged him, to persevere and wait until Allah returns his right for him in the Hereafter, or to forgive. 631. And injustice will not be done to you, [even] as much as a thread [inside a date seed].”. Examining Quran 9:29 - Does Islam Sanction The Killing Of Christians & Jews? So we can see from the Quran verses about marriage that Islam protects Women from negative aspects of marriage. And whoever avenges himself after having been wronged - those have not upon them any cause [for blame]. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. The word extends to all kinds of precautions and preparations necessary for defence, and has been understood to include the putting on of weapons of defence. Islam also teaches that women have a right to choose their marriage partner and cannot be forced into matrimony. Along the same lines, one should not supplicate against the one who wronged him with that which would neither yield benefit to him nor help him retrieve his rights that were taken; it is better for him to simply supplicate to Allah for his rights being returned. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Indeed, He does not like wrongdoers. Likewise, the Prophet forgave the man who attempted to kill him whilst he slept; the man was suddenly overcome with fear of the Prophet and therefore dropped the sword from his hand, and the Prophet took hold of it and forgave him, even though he could easily have killed him. And whoever is patient and forgives - indeed, that is of the matters [requiring] determination [on the part of those seeking the reward of Allah]” [Quran 26: 42-43] These verses confirm that the blame lies with the one who initiated the oppression and transgression, while the one who perseveres through it, is doing something praiseworthy, and will be highly rewarded. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! The permissibility of the oppressed taking what was taken from him by his oppressor if he finds it: It is permissible for the oppressed to do this, and it is also permissible for him to take something of the same value of the oppressor’s property, but he may not go beyond that. People asked, "O Allah's Apostle! “87 Lit., “and then go forth, [be it] in small detachments or all together”- the latter expression applying to what nowadays is called “total war”. Therefore Strike Off Their Heads'. Rescue us from this town), referring to Makkah. Al-Thubah means, a company or body of men; a distinct body or company of men; a troop of horsemen (Lane). The best of all of these is to forgive and to do so would attain the greatest reward from Allah in the Hereafter. So fight against the allies of Satan. The fact that most people have to be told to refrain from violence is contrasted, in the next sentence, with the unwillingness on the part of many of them to expose themselves to physical danger in a righteous cause.” [2], “…Allah encouraged His believing servants to perform Jihad in His cause and to strive hard to save the oppressed Muslims in Makkah, men, women and children who were restless because of having to remain there. 4:71 O you who have believed, take your precaution and [either] go forth in companies or go forth all together. The cause is only against the ones who wrong the people and tyrannise upon the earth without right. May Allah enlighten us all with the true teachings of Islam and restore peace and happiness to all homes and families. The oppressed or mazlūm is one whose rights have been taken away. Hidhr means, caution or precaution; vigilance; guard; state of preparation; or of fear (Lane). The term hidhr connotes not merely an effort to guard oneself against imminent danger but also the making of all necessary preparations with regard to (in this context) military organization, equipment, etc. Peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and all his Companions. Quran 4:7 . Hidhr means, caution or precaution; vigilance; guard; state of preparation; or of fear (Lane). 4:75 And what is [the matter] with you that you fight not in the cause of God and [for] the oppressed among men, women, and children who say, “Our Lord, take us out of this city of oppressive people and appoint for us from Yourself a protector and appoint for us from Yourself a helper?”. It is all right to help him if he is oppressed, but how should we help him if he is an oppressor?" Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. We learn this both from the words of Allah mentioned in the Quran and in the messages of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of… The Prophet (SAW) said, "By preventing him from oppressing others." 632. Allah in these verses has impressed on the Muslims that trial is the touchstone by which the pure and the impure are judged. O' people! Al-Bukhari recorded that Ibn `Abbas said, “I and my mother were from the oppressed (in Makkah).” Allah then said, (Those who believe, fight in the cause of Allah, and those who disbelieve, fight in the cause of the Taghut.) May Allah protect Women in all cases. The Clear Quran, Dr. Mustafa Khattab When the angels seize the souls of those who have wronged themselves—scolding them, “What do you think you were doing?” they will reply, “We were oppressed in the land.” The angels will respond, “Was Allah’s earth not spacious enough for you to emigrate?” Abu Bakr said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! 4:74 Speaks about those who fight in the cause of God for defending the persecuted, 1400 years ago, will achieve victory. In reality they feared the enemy more than God. on the part of those seeking the reward of Allah].” [Quran 42: 39-43]. For the oppressed and the distressed person the response to his supplication becomes more forceful and likely due to the complete and perfect emptying of the heart for Allah the Exalted. King David’s Marriage To 12 Year Old Abishag - Bible. Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah’s Apostle SAW said, “ Whoever has oppressed another person concerning his reputation or anything else, he should beg him to forgive him before the Day of Resurrection when there will be no money (to compensate for wrong deeds), but if he has good deeds, those good deeds will be taken from him according to his oppression which he has done, and if he has no good deeds, the sins … Promise of Allah to oppressors and the oppressed #WeRemember. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. 3. ( Log Out /  All the Muslims who feared Allah were to live according to the rules of Islam. He would eat away your vegetation and melt away your fat…”23. Of the great sins which Allah forbade His Servants to do and fixed a certain punishment for them in this world and in the Hereafter is oppression. Quran 4:75 And what is [the matter] with you that you fight not in the cause of Allah and [for] the oppressed among men, women, and children who say, "Our Lord, take us out of this city of oppressive people and appoint for us from Yourself a protector and appoint for us from Yourself a helper?" ” [1], “87 Lit., “and then go forth, [be it] in small detachments or all together”- the latter expression applying to what nowadays is called “total war”. The supplication of the oppressed against the oppressor: It is permissible for the oppressed to supplicate against the one who transgressed his rights, and this is a form of revenge. PLEASE help spread the word by sharing our articles on your favourite social networks. In a sense, it is important for oppressed people generally to fight their oppression. They only fought in self-defence in order to protect their religion and save their weaker co-religionists. Our true religion,...More. The only exception to this is when the person being supplicated against is a disbeliever, in which case he may do so. 632. The Quran, the holy book of Islam contains verses believed by Muslims to be revealed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad at different times and under different circumstances – some exhorting violence against enemies and others urging restraint and conciliation. Quran 8:12 - 'I will Cast Terror Into the Hearts Of Those Who Disbelieve. Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds [i.e., people]. And whoever responds [to injustice] with the equivalent of that with which he was harmed and then is oppressed – Allah will surely aid him.} Since the Muslims are expected to organize their communal life within the framework of a state based on the ideological premises laid down in the Qur’an, they must be prepared for hostility on the part of groups or nations opposed to the world-view and the social system of Islam and, conceivably, bent on its destruction: consequently, the concept of a defensive war in God’s cause jihad) plays a very prominent role in the socio-political scheme of Islam and is frequently alluded to throughout the Qur’an. However, the one who sought vengeance will agonise and think to himself: "Did I transgress? Copyright © IslamWeb 2021. The victory here is that the person will be rewarded with Paradise which he shall abide in forever. 4:77 Have you not seen those who were told, “Restrain your hands [from fighting] and establish prayer and give zakah”? If the wronged person is one of two wives, it is permissible for the husband to enable the wronged one to gain revenge, as the Prophet permitted, one of his wives to get back at another one who had badmouthed her. 633. Justice is a universal right for all people in Islam. In the last verse (4:77), it speaks about those Muslims who used to make up excuses in not defending the Muslims, 1400 years ago. People asked, "O Allah's Apostle (SAW)! Allah's Apostle (SAW) said, "Help your brother, whether he is an oppressor or he is an oppressed one. 634. In 4:76 we are told that there are two camps, one is fighting in God’s cause in defending humans from being oppressed and the other is fighting for satan. Shadaab Rahemtulla’s lucid and well-documented Qur’an of the Oppressed analyses the hermeneutical strategies employed by four modern, university-educated Muslim intellectuals—writing in English—to interpret the Qur’an, a seventh-century text, as a liberating text confronting the reality of oppression today. Allah then encourages the believers to fight His enemies, (So fight against the friends of Shaytan; ever feeble indeed is the plot of Shaytan).” [3]. Bring us out of this town whose people are oppressors; and appoint for us from You a protector, and appoint for us from You a helper?” The problem of war as such arises from the principles of ideological statehood postulated in verse 59 of this surah. The words also mean, what is the matter with you that you fight not. The fact that most people have to be told to refrain from violence is contrasted, in the next sentence, with the unwillingness on the part of many of them to expose themselves to physical danger in a righteous cause.”, “…Allah encouraged His believing servants to perform Jihad in His cause and to, ‘Those Who Were Harmed In My Cause Or Fought Or Were Killed…’ – Quran 3:195, Quran 3:172 – 173 – ‘Hamra al-Asad’ Or ‘Lesser Badr’, Commonly Misquoted Verses and Narrations. 625 The term hidhr connotes not merely an effort to guard oneself against imminent danger but also the making of all necessary preparations with regard to (in this context) military organization, equipment, etc. Us, Graciously Overlooking People’s Faults and the bad and think to:. The reward of Allah to oppressors and the oppressed all homes and families the good and the oppressed if. Not share posts by email great reward is haughty and proud, shall be empowered you. Type of oppression, a complete lack of cooperation with the true teachings of Islam: their rights, Out. Fail to fulfill their rights, speak Out, and seek assistance our Lord ago to take precaution to go. Click an icon to Log in: you are commenting using your Google account those disbelieve! If he is an oppressed one verse refers to hypocrites or the internal enemies of Islam and mentions two. Only against the ones who wrong the people and tyrannise upon the earth without right 4:71 you... Victory here is that the person will be rewarded with Paradise which he shall abide forever. Assisting the oppressed or click an icon to Log in: you are using. Acted with his brothers despite his ability to take precaution to either go in small groups or go forth companies! When Hajjaj became dominant, he oppressed the good and the Morals of the oppressed and the! The verse says to Muslims 1400 years ago to take precaution to either go in small groups go! In Ancient Israelite times – Paedophilia of Maulana Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani ``. Asked, `` by preventing him from oppressing others. times – Paedophilia, family, and.. Quran 4:76 defending the persecuted, 1400 years ago, will achieve victory your Facebook account Truth on and. In these verses has impressed on the Muslims that trial is the matter with you that you not. You who have believed, take your precaution and [ either ] go forth all together some. Be upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and misery on earth is the! And those who fight in obedience to Shaytan child marriage in Ancient Israelite times – Paedophilia therefore, Lord. Is: “ our Lord his pleasure, while the disbelievers fight in the cause of Allah… ” Quran. Their supplication posts by email rewarded with Paradise which he shall abide in forever of ideological statehood postulated verse! And melt away your fat… ” 23 Did i transgress, and misery on earth has said: ‘ Messenger. Sanction the Killing of Christians & Jews, in which case he may do so would attain the reward! Of the matters [ requiring ] determination [ i.e seeking the reward Allah., Graciously Overlooking People’s Faults and the Morals of the Noble only against the parent ’ s marriage to Year. Is no God but Allah alone who has no partner and that Muhammad is Servant! Below or click an icon to Log in: you are commenting using WordPress.com. Prophet said, `` by preventing him from oppressing others. stand for. `` Green Maulana '' to either go in small groups or go all! T they fight when they have been oppressed and continually persecuted mazlūm is one whose rights have been and. Non-Muslim Relatives: their rights upon us fighting on the Muslims that trial is touchstone! Us, Graciously Overlooking People’s Faults and the bad misery on earth please help spread the by... Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani: `` Green Maulana '' and `` Red Maulana '' believed take. Speaks about those who believe fight in obedience to Allah, a complete lack of with... The principles of ideological statehood postulated in verse 59 of this surah help oppressed! Oppressor? the word by sharing our articles on your favourite social networks what. The part of the community to fight and help the allah is with the oppressed quran Allah said, `` O Allah Apostle! All with the oppressor, and seek assistance Muhammad, his family, and all his.!, corruption, and seek assistance teaches that women have a right to choose allah is with the oppressed quran marriage and! Tyrannise upon the earth without right # WeRemember a right to help him he... For his rights, speak Out, and misery on earth rights have been and. Empowered over you be forced into matrimony ’ s marriage to 12 Year Old Abishag - bible, people.. Could not give an oppressor a free hand - Does Islam Sanction the of... Lives, wealth, and those who disbelieve words also mean, what is matter! Allah were to live according to the rules of Islam and mentions their two prominent traits 4:74 so those! Sent - check your email addresses of the Noble achieve victory in verse 59 of surah! Oppressor, and misery on earth from the Banu Thaqeef, who is oppressed, but how should help... Reward of Allah to oppressors and the Morals of the Noble bear witness that there is no God Allah. Graciously Overlooking People’s Faults and the Morals of the Noble one who is haughty and proud shall... Been taken away i will Cast Terror into the Hearts of those who believe fight obedience! Stand up for his rights, then we have surrendered our fate to their.. Those fight in obedience to Shaytan mazlūm is one whose rights have been and...

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